Business life: My finance news blog

A plan by Japan to raise the limit on sales of bills used for currency intervention and accounting for earnings on foreign reserves in yen may offer additional funds for a budget hit by dwindling tax revenues.

The borrowing ceiling for the so-called foreign-exchange special account will be lifted by 5 trillion yen ($56 billion) to 145 trillion yen for the next fiscal year should the parliament approve the proposed 2010 budget. A Finance Ministry official speaking on condition of anonymity said the increase reflects rising earnings on Japan’s $1 trillion of reserves.

Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama’s administration is struggling to reduce a record debt burden and fulfill pledges to boost spending on childcare and education. The Finance Ministry has already tapped some special accounts that are excluded from the budget to help restrain the fiscal deficit.

“The move probably reflects the government’s aim to increase the transparency and flexibility of using excess money in special accounts” to help find funding sources for the budget, said Susumu Kato, chief Japan economist at Credit Agricole Securities Asia in Tokyo.

Speculation emerged this week that the increase in the ceiling on the bill sales was aimed at increasing the power of the Finance Ministry to intervene in the currency market. While Japan hasn’t stepped into the foreign-exchange market since March 2004, Finance Minister Naoto Kan took office in January saying he was prepared to do so in “emergency situations.”

No Intervention Link

“The increase in the limit has nothing to do with intervention,” said Tohru Sasaki, chief currency strategist at JPMorgan Chase & Co. in Tokyo. Sasaki, who used to work in the foreign-exchange division of the Bank of Japan, said the likelihood of intervention is “extremely low” at a time when the Group of Seven nations is urging China to make its yuan more flexible.

The yen traded at 89.38 per dollar at 4:39 p.m. in Tokyo from 89.02 late yesterday in New York. Japan’s currency reached a 14-year high of 84.83 last November.

The ministry issues short-term bills denominated in yen to finance currency intervention. It also sells the bills to account for profits on foreign reserves in yen. It saves the funds in the special account for addressing currency fluctuations and transfers some of the proceeds to the budget.

Earnings on Reserves

Rising earnings on Japan’s foreign reserves meant that the limit on sales of the securities needed to be lifted, the Finance Ministry official said.

Japan’s reserves, the world’s largest after China’s, have more than tripled in the past decade as the ministry bought U.S. Treasuries and other securities to contain gains in the yen that would hurt exporters. The country’s monetary authorities last stepped into the foreign-exchange market in the first three months of 2004, when they sold 14.8 trillion yen.

The increase in the ceiling is the first since the government raised it by 40 trillion yen for the fiscal 2004 budget, around the time Japanese authorities were last intervening in the currency market.

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